COMMON ATTACK PATTERN ENUMERATION AND CLASSIFICATIONMITRE canlı kaydı

CAPEC-48

Passing Local Filenames to Functions That Expect a URL

This attack relies on client side code to access local files and resources instead of URLs. When the client browser is expecting a URL string, but instead receives a request for a local file, that execution is likely to occur in the browser process space with the browser's authority to local files. The attacker can send the results of this request to the local files out to a site that they control. This attack may be used to steal sensitive authentication data (either local or remote), or to gain system profile information to launch further attacks.

Soyutlama

Standard

Tipik ciddiyet

High

Saldırı ihtimali

High

Saldırıyı anla

Bu saldırı kalıbı nedir?

This attack relies on client side code to access local files and resources instead of URLs. When the client browser is expecting a URL string, but instead receives a request for a local file, that execution is likely to occur in the browser process space with the browser's authority to local files. The attacker can send the results of this request to the local files out to a site that they control. This attack may be used to steal sensitive authentication data (either local or remote), or to gain system profile information to launch further attacks.

Uygulama akışı

Saldırı adım adım nasıl ilerler?

1

Explore

Identify web application URL inputs

Review application inputs to find those that are designed to be URLs.

Kullanılan teknikler

  • Manually navigate web site pages to identify URLs.
  • Use automated tools to identify URLs.
2

Experiment

Identify URL inputs allowing local access.

Execute test local commands via each URL input to determine which are successful.

Kullanılan teknikler

  • Manually execute a local command (such as 'pwd') via the URL inputs.
  • Using an automated tool, test each URL input for weakness.
3

Exploit

Execute malicious commands

Using the identified URL inputs that allow local command execution, execute malicious commands.

Kullanılan teknikler

  • Execute local commands via the URL input.

Gereksinimler

Saldırının gerçekleşmesi için ne gerekir?

Ön koşullar

  • The victim's software must not differentiate between the location and type of reference passed the client software, e.g. browser

Gerekli beceri

  • Medium: Attacker identifies known local files to exploit

Gerekli kaynak

MITRE kaydında belirtilmemiş.

Etki

Başarılı saldırı neye yol açar?

Read Data

Etkilenen alanlar: Confidentiality

Modify Data

Etkilenen alanlar: Integrity

Savunma

Nasıl önlenir ve etkisi azaltılır?

1
Implementation: Ensure all content that is delivered to client is sanitized against an acceptable content specification.
2
Implementation: Ensure all configuration files and resource are either removed or protected when promoting code into production.
3
Design: Use browser technologies that do not allow client side scripting.
4
Implementation: Perform input validation for all remote content.
5
Implementation: Perform output validation for all remote content.
6
Implementation: Disable scripting languages such as JavaScript in browser

Gerçek dünya

MITRE örnek olayları

Örnek olay 1Detay
J2EE applications frequently use .properties files to store configuration information including JDBC connections, LDAP connection strings, proxy information, system passwords and other system metadata that is valuable to attackers looking to probe the system or bypass policy enforcement points. When these files are stored in publicly accessible directories and are allowed to be read by the public user, then an attacker can list the directory identify a .properties file and simply load its contents in the browser listing its contents. A standard Hibernate properties file contains hibernate.connection.driver_class = org.postgresql.Driver hibernate.connection.url = jdbc:postgresql://localhost/mydatabase hibernate.connection.username = username hibernate.connection.password = password hibernate.c3p0.min_size=5 hibernate.c3p0.max_size=20 Even if the attacker cannot write this file, there is plenty of information to leverage to gain further access.