COMMON ATTACK PATTERN ENUMERATION AND CLASSIFICATIONMITRE canlı kaydı

CAPEC-59

Session Credential Falsification through Prediction

This attack targets predictable session ID in order to gain privileges. The attacker can predict the session ID used during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking.

Soyutlama

Detailed

Tipik ciddiyet

High

Saldırı ihtimali

High

Saldırıyı anla

Bu saldırı kalıbı nedir?

This attack targets predictable session ID in order to gain privileges. The attacker can predict the session ID used during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking.

Uygulama akışı

Saldırı adım adım nasıl ilerler?

1

Explore

Find Session IDs

The attacker interacts with the target host and finds that session IDs are used to authenticate users.

Kullanılan teknikler

  • An attacker makes many anonymous connections and records the session IDs assigned.
  • An attacker makes authorized connections and records the session tokens or credentials issued.

Characterize IDs

The attacker studies the characteristics of the session ID (size, format, etc.). As a results the attacker finds that legitimate session IDs are predictable.

Kullanılan teknikler

  • Cryptanalysis. The attacker uses cryptanalysis to determine if the session IDs contain any cryptographic protections.
  • Pattern tests. The attacker looks for patterns (odd/even, repetition, multiples, or other arithmetic relationships) between IDs
  • Comparison against time. The attacker plots or compares the issued IDs to the time they were issued to check for correlation.
2

Experiment

Match issued IDs

The attacker brute forces different values of session ID and manages to predict a valid session ID.

Kullanılan teknikler

  • The attacker models the session ID algorithm enough to produce a compatible session IDs, or just one match.
3

Exploit

Use matched Session ID

The attacker uses the falsified session ID to access the target system.

Kullanılan teknikler

  • The attacker loads the session ID into their web browser and browses to restricted data or functionality.
  • The attacker loads the session ID into their network communications and impersonates a legitimate user to gain access to data or functionality.

Gereksinimler

Saldırının gerçekleşmesi için ne gerekir?

Ön koşullar

  • The target host uses session IDs to keep track of the users.
  • Session IDs are used to control access to resources.
  • The session IDs used by the target host are predictable. For example, the session IDs are generated using predictable information (e.g., time).

Gerekli beceri

  • Low: There are tools to brute force session ID. Those tools require a low level of knowledge.
  • Medium: Predicting Session ID may require more computation work which uses advanced analysis such as statistical analysis.

Gerekli kaynak

MITRE kaydında belirtilmemiş.

Etki

Başarılı saldırı neye yol açar?

Gain Privileges

Etkilenen alanlar: Confidentiality, Access Control, Authorization

Savunma

Nasıl önlenir ve etkisi azaltılır?

1
Use a strong source of randomness to generate a session ID.
2
Use adequate length session IDs
3
Do not use information available to the user in order to generate session ID (e.g., time).
4
Ideas for creating random numbers are offered by Eastlake [RFC1750]
5
Encrypt the session ID if you expose it to the user. For instance session ID can be stored in a cookie in encrypted format.

Gerçek dünya

MITRE örnek olayları

Örnek olay 1Detay
Jetty before 4.2.27, 5.1 before 5.1.12, 6.0 before 6.0.2, and 6.1 before 6.1.0pre3 generates predictable session identifiers using java.util.random, which makes it easier for remote attackers to guess a session identifier through brute force attacks, bypass authentication requirements, and possibly conduct cross-site request forgery attacks. See also: CVE-2006-6969
Örnek olay 2Detay
mod_usertrack in Apache 1.3.11 through 1.3.20 generates session ID's using predictable information including host IP address, system time and server process ID, which allows local users to obtain session ID's and bypass authentication when these session ID's are used for authentication. See also: CVE-2001-1534
CAPEC-59: Session Credential Falsification through Prediction — DayBreach Saldırı Sözlüğü · DayBreach