Axios: Full Man-in-the-Middle via Prototype Pollution Gadget in `config.proxy`
CVSS score
8.7
EPSS probability
%0.9
Risk score
0.1
Published
4 mo ago
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Vulnerability description
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CVE-2026-44494 has vendor, distribution, patch and security-source records on file. We can compare them and prepare an explanation linked to the evidence.
Axios is a promise based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. From 1.0.0 to before 1.16.0, the Axios library is vulnerable to a Prototype Pollution "Gadget" attack that allows any Object.prototype pollution in the application's dependency tree to be escalated into a full Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attack — intercepting, reading, and modifying all HTTP traffic including authentication credentials. The HTTP adapter at lib/adapters/http.js:670 reads config.proxy via standard property access, which traverses the prototype chain. Because proxy is not present in Axios defaults, the merged config object has no own proxy property, making it trivially injectable via prototype pollution. Once injected, setProxy() routes all HTTP requests through the attacker's proxy server. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.16.0.
IMPACT: Affected Products and Software
RED HAT CSAF/VEX: Product Impact Check
SCORING: CVSS from Multiple Sources
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardised framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and display CVSS scores from several sources for each CVE.
| SCORE | VERSION | SEVERITY | VECTOR | SOURCE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8.7 | CVSS V31 | HIGH | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N | NVD |
| 8.7 | CVSS V3_1 | HIGH | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N | CVE CNA |
| 8.7 | CVSS V3_1 | HIGH | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N | CVE ADP |
Patch and Remediation Guide
Solution & Remediation Advisory
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Public exploit and active exploitation status
Verified exploit intelligence
No verified public PoC, exploit repository or Metasploit module has been found for this CVE yet.
Weakness Classification and Attack Patterns (CWE & CAPEC)
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorises the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-44494 is associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-44494 weaknesses.
Attack Vector and Accessibility
Official Sources and Advisories
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Axios: Prototype pollution read-side gadgets in HTTP adapter allow credential injection and request hijacking
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