libheif: brotli/zlib decompression paths lack output-size limits, allowing decompression-bomb OOM/DoS
CVSS score
7.5
EPSS probability
%0.5
Risk score
0.0
Published
24 d ago
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Vulnerability description
DayBreach CVE AI Research
CVE-2026-84384 has vendor, distribution, patch and security-source records on file. We can compare them and prepare an explanation linked to the evidence.
libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. From 1.19.0 until 1.23.2, crafted HEIF or AVIF mime metadata and unci image data can cause decompress_brotli() and do_inflate() to grow accumulated output without an effective size limit or MemoryHandle accounting. The brotli path has no output bound, while the zlib path checks only a small temporary buffer in a branch that valid streams do not reach, and overlapping icef units can decompress the same payload repeatedly. HeifContext::interpret_heif_file_images() processes multiple compressed metadata items during file opening, allowing a small file to consume unbounded memory and terminate the process. This issue is fixed in version 1.23.2.
IMPACT: Affected Products and Software
Affected Products
The following products are affected by CVE-2026-84384 vulnerability. Where our threat engine knows the exact affected versions, they are listed below.
| ID | VENDOR | PRODUCT | ACTION |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | strukturag | libheif | View |
RED HAT CSAF/VEX: Product Impact Check
SCORING: CVSS from Multiple Sources
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardised framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and display CVSS scores from several sources for each CVE.
| SCORE | VERSION | SEVERITY | VECTOR | SOURCE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7.5 | CVSS V31 | HIGH | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H | NVD |
| 7.5 | CVSS V3_1 | HIGH | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H | CVE CNA |
Patch and Remediation Guide
Solution & Remediation Advisory
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Public exploit and active exploitation status
Verified exploit intelligence
No verified public PoC, exploit repository or Metasploit module has been found for this CVE yet.
Weakness Classification and Attack Patterns (CWE & CAPEC)
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorises the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-84384 is associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-84384 weaknesses.
Attack Vector and Accessibility
Official Sources and Advisories
CVSS Vector Radar Chart
7.5 / 10Vulnerability Scoring Details
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:HYama durumu bilinmiyor
Weakness Type (CWE & CAPEC)
Similar Vulnerabilities
libheif: Heap buffer overflow in `scale_nearest_neighbor()` via duplicate Alpha planes from nested `iden`/`auxl` items
libheif: unbounded heap allocation in HEIF sequence parser (stsz fixed-size mode missing bound check)
libheif: Out-of-bounds read in uncompressed unci tile range slicing
libheif: Derived-image indirect reference chains and tiled offsets bypass decode caching and MemoryHandle limits, causing CPU/memory amplification DoS
libheif uncompressed tiled image encoding allows out-of-bounds write
libheif: Sequence decode timing-table initialization allows non-terminating loops and unbounded memory, bypassing max_sequence_frames
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curl -H "x-api-key: $DAYBREACH_API_KEY" \ "https://api.enginteksut.com.tr/api/v1/intel/cves/CVE-2026-84384"