COMMON ATTACK PATTERN ENUMERATION AND CLASSIFICATIONMITRE canlı kaydı

CAPEC-222

iFrame Overlay

In an iFrame overlay attack the victim is tricked into unknowingly initiating some action in one system while interacting with the UI from seemingly completely different system.

Soyutlama

Detailed

Tipik ciddiyet

High

Saldırı ihtimali

Medium

Saldırıyı anla

Bu saldırı kalıbı nedir?

In an iFrame overlay attack the victim is tricked into unknowingly initiating some action in one system while interacting with the UI from seemingly completely different system.

Genişletilmiş açıklama

While being logged in to some target system, the victim visits the adversarys' malicious site which displays a UI that the victim wishes to interact with. In reality, the iFrame overlay page has a transparent layer above the visible UI with action controls that the adversary wishes the victim to execute. The victim clicks on buttons or other UI elements they see on the page which actually triggers the action controls in the transparent overlaying layer. Depending on what that action control is, the adversary may have just tricked the victim into executing some potentially privileged (and most undesired) functionality in the target system to which the victim is authenticated. The basic problem here is that there is a dichotomy between what the victim thinks they are clicking on versus what they are actually clicking on.

Uygulama akışı

Saldırı adım adım nasıl ilerler?

1

Explore

Craft an iFrame Overlay page

The adversary crafts a malicious iFrame overlay page.

Kullanılan teknikler

  • The adversary leverages iFrame overlay capabilities to craft a malicious iFrame overlay page.
2

Exploit

adversary tricks victim to load the iFrame overlay page

adversary utilizes some form of temptation, misdirection or coercion to trick the victim to loading and interacting with the iFrame overlay page in a way that increases the chances that the victim will visit the malicious page.

Kullanılan teknikler

  • Trick the victim to the malicious site by sending the victim an e-mail with a URL to the site.
  • Trick the victim to the malicious site by manipulating URLs on a site trusted by the victim.
  • Trick the victim to the malicious site through a cross-site scripting attack.

Trick victim into interacting with the iFrame overlay page in the desired manner

The adversary tricks the victim into clicking on the areas of the UI which contain the hidden action controls and thereby interacts with the target system maliciously with the victim's level of privilege.

Kullanılan teknikler

  • Hide action controls over very commonly used functionality.
  • Hide action controls over very psychologically tempting content.

Gereksinimler

Saldırının gerçekleşmesi için ne gerekir?

Ön koşullar

  • The victim is communicating with the target application via a web based UI and not a thick client. The victim's browser security policies allow iFrames. The victim uses a modern browser that supports UI elements like clickable buttons (i.e. not using an old text only browser). The victim has an active session with the target system. The target system's interaction window is open in the victim's browser and supports the ability for initiating sensitive actions on behalf of the user in the target system.

Gerekli beceri

  • High: Crafting the proper malicious site and luring the victim to this site is not a trivial task.

Gerekli kaynak

  • None: No specialized resources are required to execute this type of attack.

Etki

Başarılı saldırı neye yol açar?

Modify Data

Etkilenen alanlar: Integrity

Read Data

Etkilenen alanlar: Confidentiality

Execute Unauthorized Commands

Etkilenen alanlar: Authorization

Gain Privileges

Etkilenen alanlar: Accountability, Authentication, Authorization, Non-Repudiation

Bypass Protection Mechanism

Etkilenen alanlar: Access Control, Authorization

Savunma

Nasıl önlenir ve etkisi azaltılır?

1
Configuration: Disable iFrames in the Web browser.
2
Operation: When maintaining an authenticated session with a privileged target system, do not use the same browser to navigate to unfamiliar sites to perform other activities. Finish working with the target system and logout first before proceeding to other tasks.
3
Operation: If using the Firefox browser, use the NoScript plug-in that will help forbid iFrames.

Gerçek dünya

MITRE örnek olayları

Örnek olay 1Detay
The following example is a real-world iFrame overlay attack [2]. In this attack, the malicious page embeds Twitter.com on a transparent IFRAME. The status-message field is initialized with the URL of the malicious page itself. To provoke the click, which is necessary to publish the entry, the malicious page displays a button labeled "Don't Click." This button is aligned with the invisible "Update" button of Twitter. Once the user performs the click, the status message (i.e., a link to the malicious page itself) is posted to their Twitter profile.