COMMON ATTACK PATTERN ENUMERATION AND CLASSIFICATIONMITRE canlı kaydı

CAPEC-180

Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels

An attacker exploits a weakness in the configuration of access controls and is able to bypass the intended protection that these measures guard against and thereby obtain unauthorized access to the system or network. Sensitive functionality should always be protected with access controls. However configuring all but the most trivial access control systems can be very complicated and there are many opportunities for mistakes. If an attacker can learn of incorrectly configured access security settings, they may be able to exploit this in an attack.

Soyutlama

Standard

Tipik ciddiyet

Medium

Saldırı ihtimali

High

Saldırıyı anla

Bu saldırı kalıbı nedir?

An attacker exploits a weakness in the configuration of access controls and is able to bypass the intended protection that these measures guard against and thereby obtain unauthorized access to the system or network. Sensitive functionality should always be protected with access controls. However configuring all but the most trivial access control systems can be very complicated and there are many opportunities for mistakes. If an attacker can learn of incorrectly configured access security settings, they may be able to exploit this in an attack.

Genişletilmiş açıklama

Most commonly, attackers would take advantage of controls that provided too little protection for sensitive activities in order to perform actions that should be denied to them. In some circumstances, an attacker may be able to take advantage of overly restrictive access control policies, initiating denial of services (if an application locks because it unexpectedly failed to be granted access) or causing other legitimate actions to fail due to security. The latter class of attacks, however, is usually less severe and easier to detect than attacks based on inadequate security restrictions. This attack pattern differs from CAPEC 1, "Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs" in that the latter describes attacks where sensitive functionality lacks access controls, where, in this pattern, the access control is present, but incorrectly configured.

Uygulama akışı

Saldırı adım adım nasıl ilerler?

1

Explore

Survey

The attacker surveys the target application, possibly as a valid and authenticated user.

Kullanılan teknikler

  • Spider the web site for all available links.
  • Brute force to guess all function names/action with different privileges.
2

Experiment

Identify weak points in access control configurations

The attacker probes the access control for functions and data identified in the Explore phase to identify potential weaknesses in how the access controls are configured.

Kullanılan teknikler

  • The attacker attempts authenticated access to targeted functions and data.
  • The attacker attempts unauthenticated access to targeted functions and data.
  • The attacker attempts indirect and side channel access to targeted functions and data.
3

Exploit

Access the function or data bypassing the access control

The attacker executes the function or accesses the data identified in the Explore phase bypassing the access control.

Kullanılan teknikler

  • The attacker executes the function or accesses the data not authorized to them.

Gereksinimler

Saldırının gerçekleşmesi için ne gerekir?

Ön koşullar

  • The target must apply access controls, but incorrectly configure them. However, not all incorrect configurations can be exploited by an attacker. If the incorrect configuration applies too little security to some functionality, then the attacker may be able to exploit it if the access control would be the only thing preventing an attacker's access and it no longer does so. If the incorrect configuration applies too much security, it must prevent legitimate activity and the attacker must be able to force others to require this activity..

Gerekli beceri

  • Low: In order to discover unrestricted resources, the attacker does not need special tools or skills. They only have to observe the resources or access mechanisms invoked as each action is performed and then try and access those access mechanisms directly.

Gerekli kaynak

  • None: No specialized resources are required to execute this type of attack.

Etki

Başarılı saldırı neye yol açar?

Modify Data

Etkilenen alanlar: Integrity

Read Data

Etkilenen alanlar: Confidentiality

Execute Unauthorized Commands

Etkilenen alanlar: Authorization

Gain Privileges

Etkilenen alanlar: Authorization

Bypass Protection Mechanism

Etkilenen alanlar: Access Control, Authorization

Unreliable Execution

Etkilenen alanlar: Availability

Savunma

Nasıl önlenir ve etkisi azaltılır?

1
Design: Configure the access control correctly.

Gerçek dünya

MITRE örnek olayları

Örnek olay 1Detay
For example, an incorrectly configured Web server, may allow unauthorized access to it, thus threaten the security of the Web application.
CAPEC-180: Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels — DayBreach Saldırı Sözlüğü · DayBreach